Neck and shoulder pain are common issues that can affect your daily life. It's important to understand the potential causes, as some may require immediate attention, while others might be more benign. Proper diagnosis can help alleviate the pain and prevent it from recurring. Here are eight common causes of neck and shoulder pain and what you can do about them.
1. Heart attack
One of the most critical causes of neck and shoulder pain is a heart attack. If you experience sudden pain that radiates from your neck and shoulders to your arms or jaw, or if you feel tingling, it’s essential to seek immediate medical attention. Call 911 right away if you suspect a heart attack. Taking an aspirin while waiting for help can be life-saving, as it helps thin the blood and reduce heart damage.
2. Muscle strain
Muscle strain is a very common cause of neck and shoulder pain. This can result from everyday activities such as lifting heavy objects, exercising, or even poor posture. As we age, our muscles and tendons become more susceptible to strain and injury. To alleviate muscle strain, rest and stay hydrated. Engaging in functional exercises that strengthen the muscles used in your daily activities can also help prevent future strains.
3. Pinched nerve
A pinched nerve occurs when too much pressure is applied to a nerve by surrounding tissues, such as bones, cartilage, muscles, or tendons. This pressure can cause pain, tingling, numbness, or weakness. In the neck, a pinched nerve can radiate pain to the shoulders and arms. If your pain is intermittent and you experience tingling or prickling sensations, a pinched nerve might be the cause. Treatment can include rest, physical therapy, and, in some cases, surgery.
4. Herniated disc
A herniated disc, also known as a slipped or ruptured disc, happens when the soft center of a spinal disc pushes through a crack in the tougher exterior casing. This can irritate nearby nerves and cause pain, numbness, or weakness in your neck, shoulders, and arms. Herniated discs are often the result of aging or sudden injuries. Treatment options include rest, physical therapy, pain relief medications, and sometimes surgery.
5. Whiplash
Whiplash is an injury caused by a rapid back-and-forth movement of the neck, commonly resulting from car accidents, sports injuries, or falls. Symptoms might not appear immediately and can include neck pain, stiffness, and headaches. It’s essential to monitor your body for any pain or discomfort following an injury. Treatment typically involves rest, pain relievers, and physical therapy.
6. Stinger injury
Stinger injuries are common in contact sports and occur when the nerves in the neck and shoulder are stretched or compressed. This can result in a sudden, stinging, or burning pain that radiates down the arm, along with weakness or numbness. While stinger injuries are often temporary and resolve on their own, it’s important to rest and avoid activities that might aggravate the injury.
7. Frozen shoulder
Frozen shoulder, or adhesive capsulitis, is a condition characterized by pain and stiffness in the shoulder joint. It typically develops gradually and can worsen over time, limiting your range of motion. Frozen shoulder is more common in people with diabetes or those who have had to immobilize their shoulder for extended periods. Treatment includes physical therapy, pain relief medications, and sometimes corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation and improve mobility.
8. Poor posture
Maintaining poor posture, especially while sitting for long periods, can lead to neck and shoulder pain. Slouching or hunching over a desk or computer can strain the muscles and ligaments in your neck and shoulders, leading to discomfort and pain. To alleviate this, make sure your workspace is ergonomically set up, take frequent breaks to stretch and move around, and practice good posture by keeping your back straight and shoulders relaxed.
The bottom line
Neck and shoulder pain can arise from various causes, ranging from minor issues like muscle strain to more serious conditions such as a heart attack. Understanding these potential causes can help you address the pain more effectively and seek appropriate treatment. If you experience persistent or severe pain, it's essential to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan. Taking care of your overall health, staying active, and maintaining good posture can also help prevent neck and shoulder pain.
